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- Ly, which is for sale in microfiche from the U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section, Federal Center, Box. Journals, and maps (for example, Harden and Marchand, 1977, 1980; Burke and Birkeland. Relatively moist areas, such as coastal and central California, such soil properties as.
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California geology (2nd edition): deborah harden Buy California Geology (2nd Edition) on Amazon.com FREE SHIPPING on qualified orders. California geology Links to Animations: Transverse Ranges Rotation Flash Movie (33.5 MB) Click image to view, or right click and 'Save Target as' to download.
This interesting book uses plate tectonics as its central theme; it acquaints readers with California geology. Basic principles in the beginning of the book and tables of highlights for each province enable the reader to understand the whole picture of catastrophic national disasters, California history, mining methods, and societal impacts; it brings the lessons of geology closer to the everyday context of California life. After a comprehensive overview of the basic principles of geology, this book then focuses on the geological highlights of California (young volcanoes, deserts, the Mojave Desert, the Sierra Nevada, the Klamath Mountains, water, the Great Valley, the coast Ranges, earthquakes, faults, and seismic safety, the transverse ranges, and the peninsular ranges).
The inside back and front covers of the book contain a wealth of readily available information, with comprehensive geologic, fault, relief, and mountain range maps. A handy desk reference for geologists, this book is also a source of information for anyone interested in the evolution of California's terrain. Harden is a Professor in the Department of Geology at San Jose State University, where she teaches undergraduate and graduate courses in California geology and Earth-surface processes. Her particular interests are in landscape-forming processes, rivers, the effects of faults on streams, human impacts on watersheds, and California geology.
Before coming to San Jose State University, Dr. Harden worked as a geologist for a private engineering consulting firm and as a hydrologist for the U.S. Geological Survey. She has a Ph.D. From the University of Colorado and B.S.
Degrees from Stanford University, all in geology. Harden has had the privilege and opportunity of visiting and studying geology and landscapes in many parts of the world, both professionally and with her family.
Salinas, California Show map of the US Location in the United States Coordinates:: United States March 4, 1874 Government. Type. Joe Gunter. Area. 23.65 sq mi (61.25 km 2). Land 23.61 sq mi (61.15 km 2). Water 0.04 sq mi (0.10 km 2) 0.16% Elevation 52 ft (16 m) Population. 150,441. Estimate (2016) 157,218. Rank in Monterey County in California in the United States. Density 6,658.96/sq mi (2,570.99/km 2). Summer 93901, 93902, 93905, 93906, 93907, 93912, and 93915. Code feature IDs, Website Salinas is the and largest municipality of.
Salinas is a suburban area located just outside the southern portion of the and 10 miles (16 km) east-southeast of the mouth of the. The population was 157,218 as of 2016. The city is located at the mouth of the roughly eight miles from the and has a climate more influenced by the ocean than the hot-summer interior.
The majority of residents live in single-unit detached homes, built between 1950 and 2000, while one third of the housing stock has three or more units per structure. Salinas serves as the main business, governmental and industrial center of the region. The marine climate is ideal for the floral industry, grape vineyards, and vegetable growers. Salinas is known for its vibrant and large agriculture industry and being 'The Salad Bowl of The World' as the hometown of writer and laureate, who based several of his novels there.
First Mayor's House circa 1868 The land currently occupied by the city of Salinas is thought to have been settled by Native Americans known as the prior to 200 AD. Between 200 and 500 AD, they were displaced by the group of speaking people. The Rumsen-Ohlone remained as the inhabitants of the area for approximately another 1200 years, and in the 1700s, were the group of native inhabitants contacted and recorded by the first Spanish explorers of the Salinas area. Upon the arrival of the Spanish, large Spanish land grants were initially issued for the and also as bonuses to soldiers.
Later on after Mexican independence, smaller land grants continued to be issued for where mostly cattle were grazed. One of the many land grants was the land grant, part of which included the area of modern-day Salinas. As a result of the many new cattle ranches, a thriving trade eventually developed in cattle hide shipments, shipping primarily out of the Port of Monterey. In 1848 California officially became a part of the United States of America. This transition followed several years of battles in the Salinas area with flying the American flag on the highest peak of the and claiming California for the United States.
Before the transition to American administration, Monterey had been the capital of California. For a short while after the transition, California was ruled.
In the 1850s a junction of two main stage coach routes was located 18 miles east of Monterey and along the big bend of what is locally referred to as the Alisal Slough. In 1854, six years after becoming a part of the United States, a group of American settlers living in the vicinity of this route-junction opened a post office at the junction, naming their town 'Salinas,' apparently a reference to the original 'Rancho Las Salinas' name for the area. Soon thereafter, in 1856, a traveler's inn called the Halfway House was opened at that junction in Salinas. (The nearby, was apparently only later named by an American cartographer, after the nearest town of Salinas in 1858. Previously that river had gone by the name: 'Rio de Monterey.' The streets of Salinas were laid out in 1867, and the town was incorporated in 1874.
The conversion of grazing land to crops and the coming of the rail road in 1868 to transport goods and people was a major turning point in the history and economic advancement of Salinas. Dry farming of wheat, barley, and other grains as well as potatoes and mustard seed was common in the 1800s.
Chinese labor drained thousands of acres of swampland to become productive farmland, and as much early farm labor was done by Chinese immigrants, Salinas boasted the second largest Chinatown in the state, slightly smaller than. Changed farming in Salinas to mainly row crops of root vegetables, grapes and sugar beets. Many major vegetable producers placed their headquarters in Salinas. The historic prevalence of is documented by aerial photographic interpretation of Earth Metrics, Driven by the profitable agricultural industry, Salinas had the highest per capita income of any city in the United States in 1924.
View of barracks at the Salinas Assembly Center. Seagull bartender download. Wikimedia Commons has media related to. During, the was one of the locations used as a temporary for citizens and immigrant residents of Japanese ancestry, before they were relocated to more permanent and remote facilities. One of seventeen such sites overseen by the Wartime Civilian Control Administration, the Salinas Assembly Center was built after President issued, authorizing the of Japanese Americans living on the West Coast. The camp opened on April 27, 1942 and held a total of 3,608 people before closing two months later on July 4.
Sargent House Historic Victorian Home on Central Avenue Following World War II major urban and suburban development converted much farmland to city. The city experienced two particularly strong growth spurts in the 1950s and 1960s, and again in the 1990s and early 2000s.
Aerial photographic interpretation indicate such major conversion of cropland to uses over the time period 1956 to 1968, while the city annexed the adjacent communities of and during this time. The Harden Ranch, Creekbridge and Williams Ranch neighborhoods constituting much of the city's North-East were built almost exclusively between 1990 and 2004. Salinas was also the birthplace of writer and Nobel Prize laureate. The historic downtown, known as Oldtown Salinas, features much fine Victorian architecture, and is home to the, the Steinbeck House and the. Major development took place in the 1990s, with the construction of Creekbridge, Williams Ranch, and Harden Ranch. Ethnology. Census tract map showing prevalence of Spanish speakers.
Traditionally an settlement, Salinas became home to a significant minority who joined European-American immigrants in the agriculture and fishing industries at the turn of the 20th century. Meanwhile, the neighboring and, at the time, unincorporated community of Alisal became a mecca for immigrants primarily from, drawn to opportunities in the area's agricultural industry.
When annexed in 1963, Alisal was described as a large Mexican-American enclave, added to a city that was still otherwise majority European-American. Hispanic immigration peaked from the 1980s through the early 2000s. Mostly European-American neighborhoods in North Salinas, an expansion of the original city built mostly in the 1950s and 60s, became majority Latino by 2010. As Latino immigrants and their descendants became more affluent and established, the proportion of Hispanics increased in the city's more affluent South and North-East. From the time it was first built in the late 1980s, to the 2000 Census, Creekbridge – the city's highest income area, least affected by poverty - remained mostly European-American and minority Latino. By 2010, however, US-born Latinos had become the largest ancestry group in the area. In South Salinas, the city's original area and most European-American section, Hispanics typically constitute over 40% of residents.
Despite its key role in the city's early development and significant immigration over recent decades, the Asian-American community of Salinas remains small compared to California average. The highest concentration of Asian-Americans is found in Creekbridge, where they constitute roughly 1 in 5 residents. Along with the great influx of legal immigrants was an influx of.
By 2011, Salinas had one of the highest in the state and nationwide. Of the city's three main zip codes, two had 10%-15% of residents being unauthorized immigrants, and a third over 15%. The fear many undocumented immigrants have of government authorities has been a great obstacle faced by local law enforcement in crime investigations, community relations, and gathering information needed for effective policing. As a result, Salinas police department policy is to not verify immigration status of individuals coming into contact with city police officers. Geography. Salinas and the. And the are also shown.
According to the, the city has a total area of 23.2 square miles (60 km 2), 99.84% of it land and 0.16% of it water. Prior to mass agricultural and urban development, much of the city consisted of rolling hills bisected by wooded creeks and interspersed with marsh land. Today, the city is located mostly on leveled ground, with some rolling hills and wooded gulches with creeks remaining in the north-eastern Creekbridge and Williams Ranch neighborhoods, as well as the Laurel Heights section of East Salinas. The natural ecosystems accompanying the area's topography and environment have been recreated in Natividad Creek Park and adjacent Upper Carr Lake.
The city rests about 18 meters (59 feet) above sea level, and it is located roughly eight miles from the. The and mountain ranges border the Salinas Valley to the east and to the west, respectively. Both mountain ranges and the Salinas Valley run approximately 90 miles (145 km) south-east from Salinas towards. The Salinas River runs the length of the Salinas Valley and empties into the Pacific Ocean at the center of the Monterey Bay. During the summer months the river flows partially underground and it is this extensive underground aquifer that allows for irrigation of cropland in an area without much annual rainfall. On March 10, 2006, a record breaking storm covered many of the nearby mountain tops in a white blanket of snow. Snow in the city of Salinas is extremely rare.
Salinas has cool and moderate temperatures, due to the “natural ” that conveys ocean air and fog from the to Salinas, while towns to the north and south of Salinas experience hotter summers, as mountains block the ocean air. Thus, Salinas weather is closer to that of the, rather than that of inland valleys, and thus has a mild with typical daily highs ranging from around 63 °F (17 °C) in the winter to around 75 °F (24 °C) in the summer. According to the Weather Channel, monthly average temperature highs range from 61 to 75 °F or 16.1 to 23.9 °C. The record highest temperature was 106 °F (41 °C) on September 14, 1971. The record lowest temperature was 18 °F (−8 °C) on December 21, 1937. Annually, there are an average of 5.5 days with 90 °F (32 °C)+ highs, and an average of 11.7 days with lows reaching the freezing mark or lower.
Salinas is in the top ten American cities for cleanest air quality, because the offshore marine layer generates winds that blow smog further inland. The difference between ocean and air temperature also tends to create heavy morning fog during the summer months, known as the, driven by an onshore wind created by the local high pressure sunny portions of the Salinas Valley, which extend north and south from Salinas and the Bay. The average annual rainfall for the city is approximately 13.26 inches or 336.8 millimetres. The wettest “rain year” since records at the present station began in 1959 was from July 1997 to June 1998 with 34.63 inches (879.6 mm) of precipitation, and the driest from July 1971 to June 1972 with 7.29 inches (185.2 mm). The most precipitation in one month was 11.10 inches (282 mm) in February 1998.
The record maximum 24-hour precipitation was 2.96 inches (75 mm) on January 23, 2000. Occasionally, there is snowfall on the peaks of the Gabilan and Santa Lucia mountain ranges, but snow in the city itself is extremely rare, occurring about once every 5 to 15 years on average. An inch of snow fell in Salinas on February 26, 2011. Map of income distribution in Salinas. Hat In Three Stages of Landing by Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen.
Salinas has an emerging arts scene led by the First Fridays Art Walk and the innovative use of non-traditional or business venues to exhibit art and host live local music. The oldest gallery in Salinas, the Valley Art Gallery, has been active for over 30 years. The Hartnell College Gallery hosts world-class exhibitions of art during the school year. The National Steinbeck Center has two galleries with changing exhibits, and the city's newest @Risk Gallery features cutting-edge and visionary exhibitions.
The Art Walk, held in the downtown area, features 50 venues. Live theater companies in Salinas include ARIEL Theatrical located in the Karen Wilson's Children's Theater in Oldtown Salinas, and The Western Stage, based at Hartnell College. Live local music is available at many restaurants in the downtown area, and during the First Fridays Art Walk.
Concerts are held at the historic Fox California Theater, Steinbeck Institute for Arts and Culture and the, as well as. Salinas is home to many public murals, including work by John Cerney which can be viewed in the agricultural fields surrounding the city. Placed his sculpture, Hat in Three Stages of Landing, in Sherwood Park at the center of the city. The city contains several art deco buildings, including the and the Building.
Cultural events. Authentic Wells Fargo Coach at California Rodeo Salinas Heritage Museum. California Rodeo Salinas As host of a -sanctioned rodeo, Salinas is a major stop on the professional rodeo circuit.
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The began in 1911 as a Wild West Show on the site of the old race track ground, now the. Every third week of July is Big Week, when cowboys and fans come for the traditional rodeo competitions, including bull riding. Rodeo-related events held in Salinas and Monterey include cowboy poetry, wine tasting, a carnival, barbecues and a gala cowboy ball. John Steinbeck House The was the birthplace and childhood home of author, and is now home to a restaurant. The house was built in 1897 and is a Victorian. River Road Wine Trail The largest wine-grape producing region in California, the Salinas Valley, is home to over 20 wineries and 14 estate tasting rooms along the River Road, just south of the city limits.
Education School districts Salinas has seven school districts serving the city core and adjacent unincorporated areas. The largest school district in Salinas is the (grades 7-12) with 13,578 students enrolled in 10 campuses. The is the largest elementary school district in Salinas, with 13 schools and 7,954 students. Other districts include, and. Higher education , as well as a satellite campus of, are located in Salinas. Media. See also: Local newspapers include, and.
Television service for the community comes from the Monterey-Salinas-Santa Cruz designated market area. Local radio stations include:. Channel 67, Channel 46 and Channel 8 also provides news for the area as UNIVISION, CBS, NBC and ABC affiliates. Infrastructure Transportation Highways and roads is the major north-south highway in Salinas, linking the city to the rest of the region, to the north, and to the south.
Heads west to, while runs northwest to. Art Deco Style, the national passenger rail system, operating its daily in each direction between, and. Bus Public transportation via bus is provided.
Public buses take passengers throughout the county, as well as San Jose and Gilroy. Buses to San Jose and Gilroy connect to Caltrain and Amtrak in those cities. Operates from the with service to other California cities and throughout the United States. Airport is located on the southeastern boundary of the City of Salinas, three miles (5 km) from the city center. It is a general aviation facility occupying 763 acres (3.1 km 2), with three runways serving single and twin engine aircraft and helicopters, as well as an increasing number of turbopropeller and turbine-powered business jets. The airport has an air traffic control tower in operation twelve hours a day, seven days a week. The airport terminal is located on Mortensen Avenue and houses airport office staff as well as professional offices.
The city is currently accepting proposals for leasing and operation of the restaurant located within the Terminal. Salinas Airport Commissioners agreed to a proposed project that would bring a 100-room hotel, offices and hangars to a vacant lot in front of the Salinas Municipal Airport terminal. The Salinas Jet Center would include a national chain hotel, 80,000 square feet (7,000 m 2) of office space, four large complexes combining more offices with airplane hangars and a 24-hour, full-service aircraft fueling station. The project would also include a taxiway to allow planes to access the new hangars. The airport has full (ILS) and (VOR) located on the airport.
The ILS has a Medium Intensity Approach Lighting System, with Runway Alignment Indicator Lights. The VOR approach has Runway End Identifier Lights. All but the ILS runway, RWY 31, have Visual Approach Slope Indicators (VASIs). The airport is the site of the California International Airshow, set annually in the late summer or early autumn. The event draws thousands of visitors to Salinas over its three-day run. Hospitals Salinas and its surrounding towns are served by and, both located in Salinas.
Natividad is one of the 's teaching hospitals and is owned and operated by Monterey County. Natividad Medical Center, through its affiliated Natividad Medical Foundation, offers trained medical interpreters for speakers of several (including, and ) as well as Spanish. Utilities Salinas is served by the following utilities:. (electricity and natural gas).
Alco Water Service and California Water Service (water). (phone). Monterey Regional Water Pollution Control Agency (sewer) Notable people.
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Michael J. Meyer, Henry Veggian. East of Eden.: New and Recent Essays.Rodopi, 2013.
^. City of Salinas, California. Retrieved June 23, 2017. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to.
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